Daular Rome, ta kafa 1 ga Janairu a matsayin sabuwar Ranar Sabuwar Shekara.
A Ranar 1 Ga Watan Junairu Shekaru 45 Kafin Haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS) Kalandar Julian ta fara aiki a matsayin kalandar farar hula na Daular Rome, ta kafa 1 ga Janairu a matsayin sabuwar ranar sabuwar shekara. A cikin Shekara ta 45 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS), an yi bikin Sabuwar Shekara a ranar 1 ga Janairu a karon farko a tarihi yayin da kalandar Julian ta fara aiki.
Lokacin da Julius Kaisar ya zama mai mulkin Roma a shekara ta 46 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa, ya nemi shawara daga masana ilmin taurari da masanin lissafi, Sosigenes, ɗanƙasar Masar don yin sabuwar Kalanda bisa lissafin Rana.
A shekara ta 45 BC, an ƙirƙiri sabuwar Kalandar Julian, kuma shekarar Farar Hula a Roma ta fara a Ranar 1 ga Janairu.
Da dama mutane su na ɗaukar cewa, an fara amfani da wannan Kalanda ne bayan haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS), amma tarihi ya nuna cewar, Romawa sun fara amfani da wannan tarihi tun kafin a haifi Annabi Isa da shekaru (750) amma lokacin ba sunanta ke nan ba, kuma a lokacin ba da juyawar Rana ake lissafa ta ba, da juyawar Wata ne (kamar yadda na Hijirah yake a yanzu), sai dai a lokacin Watanni 10 ne a cikin shekara guda, su na fara wa daga watan Maris, (March) su ƙare a ƙarshen watan Disamba.
A shekara ta 700 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS) Sarkin Roma Numa Pontilius wanda ya rayu tsakanin (673-716) kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (AS) ya ƙara Watanni biyu; January, da February daga nan watannin Kalandar suka koma 12.
An ci gaba da amfani da ɗaya ga Watan Maris (March) a matsayin farkon shekarar Romawa, sai dai a shekara ta 153 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa, an musanya shi da Janairu (January), sai dai hakan bai hana a yi Bikin sabuwar shekarar a watan Maris ɗin ba a wasu lokuta.
Ana kiran shekara ta 46 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa da “Shekarar Julian” saboda Sarkin Roma na wannan lokaci Julius Caesar, da ya ƙara kwanaki har 90 a Kalandarsu to Roma wai don ya saisaita hargitsewar da ta yi game da abin da ya shafi yanayai (Hunturu, Bazara, Damina, Kaka da sauransu), to sai abubuwa suka ƙara dagulewa, haka ta sa ya nemi shawara da gudunmowar wani Bamasare (mutumin Misra) masanin ilimin Taurari wai shi Sosigenes, ɗan garin Iskandariyya, wanda shi kuma ya ƙirƙirar masa sabuwar Kalanda da ta ginu akan juyawar Rana.
Tun daga lokacin sai Romawa suka koma amfani da wannan Kalanda da aka gina ta akan juyawar Rana, maimakon tasu ta da ta ginu akan ganin wata.
Har ila yau, a wannan shekarar ne aka tabbatar cewa, kowace sabuwar shekara a garuruwan Romawa baki ɗaya za ta riƙa fara wa ne daga ɗaya ga watan Janairu.
An raɗawa wannan sabuwar Kalanda su na da Kalanda ko tarihin ‘Julian Calendar,’ ke nan an jingina ta zuwa ga Sarkin da ya samar da ita, Sarkin Roma Julius.
