A Rana mai Kamar ta Yau, 1 ga Watan Junairu aka haɗa Kudanci da Arewaci a matsayin Ƙasa Najeriya (Amalgamation).
Sir, Frederick Lugard shi ne ya taso daga Ƙasar Hong Kong ya koma Legas domin aiwatar da tunanin ofishin Mulkin Mallaka da ke Landan, inda ya yi amfanin da alƙalaminsa ya haɗa yankunan Arewaci da Kudanci da kuma Legas suka zama ƙasa ɗaya mai suna Najeriya a Ranar ɗaya ga watan Janairun shekarar 1914.
Kudi da Amfanin Gona masu Samar da Kuɗi
Manoma a faɗin Najeriya sun daɗe su na Noma Abincin da za su ci, amma da Turawan Mulkin Mallaka suka zo sai suka ƙarfafawa Manoma guiwar Noma Amfanin Gona da za su riƙa samar da Kuɗi domin fitar da shi zuwa Masana’antun Ƙasashen Turai.
Gyaɗa da Koko da Manja da Taba da Auduga su ne suka fi daraja a lokacin. Turawan Ingila kuma sun fito da amfani da Kuɗi domin jin daɗin gudanar da harkar.
Fari da Yunwa
An yi fama da manyan bala’o’in yunwa a Najeriya lokacin Mulkin Mallaka, waɗanda suka faru a shekarun 1914 da 1927 da 1942 da 1951.
Hakan ya faru ne a sakamakon fari da aka yi da kuma watsi da Noman Abinci aka mayar da hankali wajen Noma Amfanin Gona mai samar da kuɗi kawai. Mafi munin yunwar da aka yi ita ce; ‘’Yunwar Muda’’ da ta mamaye yankin Arewa a tsakanin shekarar 1913 zuwa 1915.
Kafuwar Majalisa a 1922
An ƙaddamar da Majalisa ta farko a Najeriya a shekarar 1922 domin masu yunƙurin ƙwato wa Ƙasa ƴanci su samu kafar Isar da matsalolinsu ga shugabannin mulkin.
Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu
Da farko ba mu san dalilin da ya sanya Turawa suke yaƙar junansu ba, sai a tsakanin shekarar 1940 zuwa 1945 lokacin da aka kwashi dubban matasan Najeriya da ƙarfin-tsiya aka sanya su a Soja aka kwashe su a Jirgin Ruwa zuwa Bama domin su dakatar da Ƙasar Japan daga shiga Indiya.
Taron Tsarin Mulki a Landan
An gudanar da tarurruka a kan tsarin Mulki har sau uku a Landan a shekarun 1954 da 1957 a shirye-shiryen da ake yi na samar wa Najerya Ƴancin Kai.
Sir, Ahmadu Bello, shi ne ya jagoranci wakilan yankin Arewa, Dakta Nnamdi Azikiwe kuma ya jagoranci wakilan Gabashi, shi kuma Cif Obafemi Awolawo ya jagoranci na yammacin Ƙasar nan zuwa wurin taron.
Gano Mai
Bayan an daɗe ana neman Mai tun daga shekarar 1938, Kamfanin Shell sai ya gano Mai a yankin Neja Delta, inda Mai ya fara ɓuɓɓugowa a Rijiya ta farko a shekarar 1956 a Oloibiri da ke Jihar Ribas a halin yanzu.
Kwamitin Willink
Taron Landan na shekarar 1957 ya amince a kafa wani kwamiti a ƙarƙashin jagorancin tsohon Shugaban Jami’ar Cambridge Harry Willink, domin ya yi nazarin tsoron da tsirarun ƙabilu suke yi a yayin da Najeriya ta kama hanyar samun Ƴancin kanta, inda ya gabatar da cikakken rahoton da ya tayar da ƙura a karo na farko.
Samun Ƴanci a Shekarar 1960
Da tsakar Dare Ranar Ɗaya ga Watan Oktobar shekarar 1960 Gimbiya Alexander ta na ji, ta na gani aka sauke Tutar Ingila, wanda ke nuna cewar Mulkin Mallaka ya kawo ƙarshen a Najeriya, inda shi kuma Firaiminista Sir, Abubakar Tafawa Ɓalewa ya zura Ido ya na kallon yadda ake ɗaga Tutar Najeriya sama domin ta maye gurbin ta Ingila.
Tsarin Mulkin Jamhuriya
Shugabannin Jamhuriya a karo na farko sun amince a shekarar 1962, don Najeriya ya maye gurbin Sarauniyar Ingila a matsayin shugaban Najeriya, inda shugaban Jam’yyar NCNC Dokta Nnamdi Azikiwe da Sarauniya ta naɗa shi a matsayin Gwamna Janar a shekarar 1960, ya zama Shugaban Ƙasa mara cikakken iko na farko a Ranar ɗaya ga Watan Oktobar 1963.
Hukuncin Cin Amanar Ƙasa, 1962-1963
An kama Shugaban Jam’iyyar Action Group kuma jagoran ƴan adawa Cif Obafemi Awolawo tare da waɗansu ƴaƴan Jam’iyyar guda 28 ana tuhumar sa da laifin yunƙurin kifar da Gwamnatin Tafawa Ɓalewa a shekarar 1963. Inda aka ɗaure su, amma Gowon ya sake su a watan Agustan shekarar 1966.
Dokar Ta-ɓaci
Rikici ya ɓarke a tsakanin ɓangarori biyu na jam’iyyar AG a Majalisar yankin Yammaci a watan Mayun shekarar 1962, inda magoya bayan Cif Obafemi Awolawo da Firimiya Cif Samuel Akintola suka yi ta kisan junansu. Hakan ya sanya Gwamnatin Tarayya ta ayyana dokar ta-ɓaci a yankin.
Juyin Mulki na Farko, Janairu 1966
Jamhuriya ta farko ta kawo ƙarshe da ƙarfin tsiya a shekarar 1966 lokacin da Manjo Chukwuma Nzeogwu ya jagoranci waɗansu Sojoji suka yi awon-gaba da Faraiminista Tafawa Ɓalewa da Ministan Kuɗi Festus Okotie-Eboh da Firimiya Ahmadu Bello da Ladoke Akintola da waɗansu Manyan Hafsoshin Soja irin su; Birgediya Zakari Maimalari da Kanar Kur Muhammad da Kanar Victor Yakubu Pam da Laftanar Kanar Abogo Largema, suka kashe su.
Dokar Mayar da Najeriya Mulukiya, May 1966
Manjo Janar Johnson Thomas Umunnakwe Aguyi-Ironsi, wanda ya ƙwace iko daga hannun masu Juyin Mulki ya zama Shugaban Ƙasa kuma Babban Kwamandan Rundunar Sojojin Ƙasar, ya fito da wata dokar Soja a watan Mayun 1966 da ta rushe yankunan Najeriya ta mayar da Najeriya Mulukiya mai Gwamnati a Tsakiya.
Rikicin a Raba 1966-67
Dokar Soja da ta rushe yankuna da Ironsi ya kafa ta haifar da rikicin ƙabilanci. Rikici ya fara ɓarkewa ne a kasuwar Jos, nan da nan ya watsu a sauran yankunan Arewa, inda masu zanga-zanga ke kiran ‘’A raba’’ Ƙasar kowa ya kama gabansa.
Taron Aburi, Janairun 1967
Gagarumin taron da aka gudanar a kan Najeriya an yi shi ne a wajen Ƙasar, inda a farkon shekarar 1967 Shugaban Ƙasar Ghana ya karɓi baƙuncin Majalisar Ƙoli ta Mulkin Soja da ta rabe biyu, aka gudanar da taro a Aburi ta Ƙasar Ghana domin a magance matsalolin ɓangarorin biyu.
Bayan sun dawo Najeriya kuma sai suka ci gaba da rikici dangane da shawarar da suka amince da ita a Aburi.
Ƙirƙiro Jihohi, Watan Mayu 1967
Domin share wa ƙananan Ƙabilu hawayensu, Janar Gowon sai ya raba yankunan Najeriya guda huɗu zuwa Jihohi 12 a Ranar 27 ga watan Mayun 1967, wanda hakan ya taka wa Gwamnan Mulkin Soja na yankin gabashi Kanar Ojukwu birki, game da burinsa.
Ɓallewar Yankin Biafra
A Ranar 30 ga watan Mayun 1967 Ojukwu ya ayyana ballewar yankin gabashin kasar nan take tare da kafa kasar Biyafara mai hedkwata a Enugu. Tun da farko sai da taron dattawan yankin gabashin ya amince da yunkurin.
Yaƙin Basasa, 1967-1972
Saboda kafa Ƙasar Biyafara da aka yi, ya sanya Gowon ya bayar da umarnin a nuna ba-sani, ba-sabo a yankin, wanda hakan ya haifar da Yaƙin Basasa da aka rasa Miliyoyin rayukan Jama’a.
An kawo ƙarshen Yaƙin a shekarar 1970 lokacin da Ojukwu ya tsallake ya bar Ƙasar. Sojojin Biyafara sun miƙa wuya, shi kuma Gowon ya ayyana cewa, babu wanda ya samu nasara kuma babu wanda aka ci galabarsa.
Mayar da Tuƙi Hannun Dama, Afirilu 1972
Ranar 2 ga Afirilu 1972 da ƙarfe 6 na safe ne ababen Hawa a Najeriya suka bar Tuƙi a ɓangaren hagu suka koma amfani da ɓangaren dama, wanda ya sanya aka kwashe shekaru Motoci masu sitiyari a dama suke ɗauke da alamar da ke nuna cewa sitiyarinsu a dama yake.
Naira da Kobo, 1973
Tun zamanin Mulkin Mallaka ana amfani da Kuɗin Fam ne da Sule da Kwabo maihuji, amma a Ranar 1 ga Janairu 1973 Kwamishinan Kuɗi na Tarayya Alhaji Shehu Shagari da Gwamnan Babban Bankin Najeriya Dokta Clement Isong suka fito da sabon Kuɗi Naira da kobo; wanda Sule yake da Kobo 10 maimakon tsohon Sule maikwabo 12.
Garaɓasar Odoji, 1974
Wani Kwamitin a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Cif Jerome Odoji, ya zauna na tsawon shekara biyu ya bayar da shawarar a ƙara wa Ma’aikata albashinsu, saboda ɗimbin kuɗin da ake samu daga Man Fetur, Gowon ba amince da shawarar kawai ya yi ba, har ma cewa ya yi a biya Ma’aikata Kuɗin baya na shekaru biyu. Hakan ya sanya farashin kayayyaki ya yi tashin gwauron-zabi a tarihin Najeriya.
Kifar da Gwamnatin Gowon, Yuli 1975
An kifar da Gwamnatin Gowon a ranar 29 ga Yuli 1975, lokacin ya na halartar Taron Ƙungiyar Haɗa Kan Afirka a Kampala, Ƙasar Uganda, bayan ya kwashe shekaru tara ya na mulki.
Kashe Murtala Mohammed, Fabrairu 1976
A Ranar 13 ga Fabrairun 1976 ne aka ji muryar Daraktan Horar da Sojoji Motsa Jiki Kanar Bukar Suka Dimka a Rediyo ya na sanar da canjin Gwamnati, yunƙurin Juyin Mulkin bai yi nasara ba, amma Dimka ya kashe Shugaban Kasa Janar Murtala Mohammed.
A sakamakon haka aka zartar da hukuncin kisa a kan Jami’an Soja 43 da Farar Hula guda ɗaya saboda laifin yunƙurin Juyin Mulki.
Sauyin Ƙananan Hukumomi, 1976
A hankali Sarakunan Gargajiya su na ta rasa ikon da suke da shi a tsarin gudanar da Gwamnatin N.A da suka samu tun zamanin Mulkin Turawa. An fara rage musu iko ne a shekarar 1960, lokacin da aka ɗauke Kotuna da ƴan sanda da kuma Gidajen Yari daga ƙarƙashinsu.
A shekarar 1976 kuma aka ƙwace musu iko gaba ɗaya, inda aka maye gurbin Gwamnatin N.A da zaɓaɓɓun Shugabannin Ƙananan Hukumomi.
Komawa Mulkin Farar Hula, 1979
Tun Ranar da Gimbiya Alexander ta tsaya ta na kallo aka sauke tutar Ingila a watan Oktoba 1960, wani abu mai kama da wannan bai sake faruwa a Najeriya ba sai a Ranar 1 ga Oktobar 1979 lokacin da babban mai Shari’a na Ƙasa Atanda Fatai Williams ya rantsar da Alhaji Shehu Shagari a matsayin Shugaba mai cikakken iko na farko, inda shi kuma Shugaban Mulkin Soja Janar Olusegun Obasanjo ya ja da baya ya sara masa, wanda hakan ya nuna cewa Mulki ya tashi daga hannun Soja ya koma hannun Farar Hula.
Rikicin Maitatsine, 1980
An kwashe makonni biyu ana ba-ta-kashi tsakanin Ƴansandan kwantar da tarzoma da Almajiran Muhammadu Marwa Maitatsine, a unguwar Ƴan Awaki da ke cikin Birnin Kano. Da al’amarin ya yi ƙamari sai aka tura Sojoji waɗanda suka ragargaza unguwar, suka kashe Maitatsine tare da fatattakar dubban almajiransa.
Faɗuwar Jamhuriya ta Biyu, 1983
Kafin wannan lokacin Birgediya Sani Abacha, ba fitacce ba ne, amma sanarwar da ya yi a Rediyo na kifar da Gwamnatin Jamhuriya ta biyu ta sanya ya yi fice.
A lokacin, an kama dubban ƴan siyasa aka tsare, tare da ɗaure da dama daga cikinsu saboda da laifin rashawa, waɗansu ma har ɗaurin shekaru 300 aka yankewa wasu.
Shirin Tayar da Komaɗar Tattalin Arziki (SAP), 1986
Wannan kusan za a iya cewa, shi ne shirin Gyaran Tattalin Arziki mafi baƙin jini a tarihin Ƙasar, domin shirin tsuke bakin aljihu da Shagari ya fito da shi a 1981 bai yi zafin wannan shirin da Gwamnatin Babangida ta fito da shi a shekarar 1986 ba.
Mutanen Najeriya da dama su na ganin an yi haka ne domin a biya wa Asusun Lamuni na Duniya (IMF) buƙata.
Kasuwar Shunku, 1986
Kasuwar Shunku, ta na ɗaya daga cikin jigogin tsarin shirin Tayar da Komaɗar Tattalin Arziki na SAP, inda aka bar Naira ta samar wa kanta daraja.
Ɓallewa, 1990
A Ranar 22 ga Afirilun 1990 Manjo Gideon Orkar ya fito da wani sabon shafi a tarihin Najeriya, inda ya ware waɗansu Jihohi ya ce ya kore su daga Najeriya, a yayin wani yunƙurin Juyin Mulki da ya yi. A ƙarshe dai an zartar masa da hukuncin kisa.
Zaɓen 12 ga Yuni
An yi ta shakkun shirin miƙa Mulki ga Farar Hula da Janar Babangida yake tsarawa saboda kwan-gaba, kwan-bayan da shirin ke cike da shi. Al’amarin ya kawo ƙarshe a Ranar 23 ga Yuni lokacin da Gwamnati ta bayar da sanarwar soke zaɓen Shugaban Ƙasa da aka gudanar kwanaki 11 da suka gabata, wanda Cif Moshood Abiola da ya kama hanyar lashe wa, ya tayar da ƙayar-baya tare da magoya bayansa. Hakan ya sanya ‘’Ranar 12 ga Yuni’’ ta zama muhimmiya.
Rasuwar Abacha da Abiola, Yuni 1998
Masu lura da yadda al’amura ke gudana na ganin Allah ne Ya karɓi addu’ar da al’ummar Ƙasa suka yi domin ya samar musu da mafita, inda aka wayi gari Shugaban Ƙasa Janar Sani Abacha, wanda tsarin Tazarce ya ɓullo a zamaninsa, ya faɗi ya mutu a Ranar 8 ga Yunin 1998.
Bayan wata guda kuma babban Fursunan da ya ɗaure Cif Abiola shi ma ya rasu, wanda ya sanya Janar Abdulsalami ya zama Shugaban Ƙasa kuma ya kafa Kwamitin miƙa Mulki ga Farar Hula.
Komawa Mulkin Farar Hula, 1999
Hannun bayar wa, hannun karɓa. Lokacin da soja suka miƙa Mulki a Ranar 29 ga watan Mayun shekarar 1999, wanda ya miƙa a madadin Soja shekaru 30 da suka gabata ne, watau Janar (wanda yanzu ya zama) Cif Olusegun Obasanjo ya sake karɓa.
Boko Haram
Bayan Yaƙin Basasa Ƴan Fashi da Makami ne suka riƙa cin karensu babu babbaka, amma da Ƴan Boko Haram suka bayyana sai al’amarin Ƴan Fashi ya zama wasan yara.
Bayan an murƙushe yunƙurinsu a karo na farko a shekarar 2009, sai Ƴan Boko Haram suka sake fitowa da ƙarfi suka girgiza Najeriya ta hanyar tayar da ƙayar-bayan da ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba. Dubban rayuka ne suka salwanta tun daga wancan lokacin izuwa yau.
